北京市混凝土搅拌站风蚀扬尘排放特征

混凝土搅拌站是北京市一类典型扬尘源,本研究以北京市2座混凝土搅拌站为例,采用美国沙漠所的便携式风洞(PISWERL)测试搅拌站料堆和道路风蚀扬尘排放特征,结合搅拌站料堆和道路表面扰动频次以及当地气象数据,建立搅拌站料堆和道路风蚀扬尘PM_(2.5)本地化排放因子.结果表明:(1)搅拌站骨料大棚进口、混凝土装载区、社会道路进口和搅拌站进口道路风蚀扬尘PM_(2.5)日均排放因子差异不明显,分别为0.45、0.41、0.31和0.30 kg·(hm~2·d)~(-1),降水对道路风蚀扬尘PM_(2.5)年排放因子的削减率仅为4%;(2)搅拌站粗石、细石、粗砂和细砂料堆风蚀扬尘PM_(2.5)日均排放因子分别为0.10、0.12、0.26和2.02 kg·(hm~2·d)~(-1),细砂料堆风蚀扬尘排放因子是粗石、细石和粗砂料堆的20.5、16.8和7.7倍,细砂料堆春季排放因子是夏秋冬季的6.4、3.4和1.3倍;(3)北京市搅拌站料堆和道路风蚀扬尘PM_(2.5)日均排放因子分别为1.13 kg·(hm~2·d)~(-1)和0.37 kg·(hm~2·d)~(-1),是AP-42文件(c11s12混凝土,1995年版)料堆风蚀扬尘排放因子推荐值的3.9和1.3倍,搅拌站风蚀扬尘排放因子的不确定性范围为34%~92%;(4)建议搅拌站加强道路洒水和清扫保洁,对料堆尤其细砂料堆实施全封闭储存和喷雾降尘.     

论中国特色的高职环境教育--兼谈中国环境管理干部学院发展之路

本文在中国高等教育和环境保护的大背景下，分析了中国高职环境教育的迫切性与重要性，探讨了高职环境教育的中国特色及其内涵，并指出了中国环境管理干部学院如何走中国特色的高职环境教育发展之路。     

基于人工神经网络模型的舰船防火设计方法

根据舰船实际和火灾理论,建立了舰船舱室火灾危险性的动静二类4个指标:失火危险性指标、舱室相关度指标、设备使用状态指标和人员状态指标,对舰船各种舱室的火灾危险性进行量化。笔者先给出规范中9类舱室的各指标值,应用笔者所开发的神经网络模型,建立舱室火灾危险性指标值与舱室分隔等级的关系模型,求出舱室防火分隔等级值,降低了对设计者经验的要求。运用开发的模型对某大型舱室进行防火设计,获得的结果与其他方法的结果基本一致,可供舰船防火设计时参考。     

企业分级监察模型及其应用研究

企业监察级别的划分是有效利用监察资源,提高监察绩效,实现集约型分级安全生产监察的基础.本文通过分析研究,结合我国安全生产现状,综合考虑企业自身特点和行业特性,建立了基于企业职业伤亡统计的分级监察模型,并利用该模型对柳州市502家企业的2005年监察级别进行了划分.最后,对企业分级监察模型研究中存在的问题进行了探讨.     

关于区域环境保护政策的思考

本从通过分析我国环境保护政策存在的缺口和目前对这种理念的研究进展，并根据环境问题本身的特性以及环境问题产生的背景差异提出重新确立环境保护政策的调控范围的观点，并提出了这种观点对于对我国环境保护政策以及环境保护工作的重要意义。     

EFFECTS OF URBAN LAKES ON QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF BASEFLOW1

ABSTRACT: Man-made lakes have significant impacts on the hydrologic conditions in the watershed in which they are built. This paper examines the nature of the impact upon baseflow by comparing baseflow conditions at the outlet of the lakes with those elsewhere in the watershed. Situated in the upper reaches of a small watershed, the lakes studied have only a minor effect upon the magnitude of baseflow discharge, increasing it slightly from October to January, and decreasing it from May to September. Baseflow quality is substantially affected. Natural dissolved ions, as represented by magnesium, are generally decreased in concentration and total load by the lakes. Road salt related inons are substantially increased in both concentration and total load in the baseflow. Surface runoff stored in the lakes is extremely enriched in salt in the winter, and the storage capacity of the lakes is sufficient to maintain winter salt concentrations in the baseflow near the lakes until summer. The storage effect also tends to damp out seasonal fluctuations in baseflow chloride content which are extreme in suburban watersheds. The difference in quality between the lake and non-lake baseflows and the linear distance needed for complete mixing are used as measures of the magnitude and distal extent of the lake effect on baseflow quality.     

Influence of Traffic Emissions Estimation Variability on Urban Air Quality Modelling

The main objective of this work is to analyse how uncertainties in emission data of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), originated from road traffic, influence the model prediction of ozone (O₃) concentration fields. Different methods to estimate emissions were applied and results were compared in order to obtain their variability. Based on these data, different emission scenarios were compiled for each pollutant considering the minimum and the maximum values of the estimated emission range. These scenarios were used as input to the MAR-IV mesoscale modelling system. Simulations have been performed for a summer day in the Northern Region of Portugal. The different approaches to estimate NO_x and VOC traffic emissions show a significant variability of absolute values and of their spatial distribution. Comparison of modelling results obtained from the two scenarios presents a dissimilarity of 37% for ozone concentration fields as a response of the system to a variation in the input emission data of 63% for NO_x and 59% for VOC. Far beyond all difficulties and approximations, the developed methodology to build up an emission data base shows to be consistent and an useful tool in order to turn applicable an air quality model. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the model to input data should be considered when it is used as a decision support tool.     

建筑火灾风险评价技术初探

在分析建筑火灾发生原因的基础上 ,建立了建筑火灾风险评估因素集。并运用模糊评价法对建筑物的火灾安全进行了风险评价 ,通过评价得出建筑物所属的安全等级。该方法可用于保险公司对投保建筑的鉴别与筛选 ,同时可使管理者及时采取措施 ,以减少火灾危险性。     

电驱动道路车辆 动力锂离子电池系统寿命循环试验条件和要求

本文是电驱动道路车辆动力锂离子电池的试验和要求标题下的电池系统寿命循环试验部分。结合国标转化过程和实验室能力验证经历,将寿命循环试验方法和要求作描述和解释。供实验室和相关产品的供需双方参考。     

道路车辆电气电子设备温度/湿度组合循环试验要点

温度/湿度组合循环试验本质上是一项气候环境的加速试验,失效较为集中。这里列出了若干关于试验的要点,供产品研发和试验人员把握。